人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)是(shi)指用(yong)于人(ren)員(yuan)進(jin)出設(she)(she)備以便安(an)(an)(an)裝、檢修和安(an)(an)(an)全檢查(cha)的開(kai)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構。主(zhu)要由短(duan)筒節（或(huo)短(duan)管）、法蘭和帶把手(shou)的人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)組成。從安(an)(an)(an)全檢查(cha)考(kao)慮，壓(ya)力容器(qi)要求開(kai)設(she)(she)的人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)數及其小尺寸(cun)(cun)見“檢查(cha)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)材(cai)料(liao)有(you)碳鋼和不銹鋼。按受(shou)壓(ya)情況(kuang)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為常壓(ya)和受(shou)壓(ya)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；按形(xing)狀人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為圓(yuan)形(xing)、橢圓(yuan)形(xing)和矩形(xing)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，矩形(xing)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)僅適用(yong)于常壓(ya)設(she)(she)備；按安(an)(an)(an)裝位置(zhi)人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為水平和垂(chui)直(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)裝人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)固定方式有(you)迥轉蓋(gai)和吊(diao)蓋(gai)；人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)開(kai)后速度有(you)普通(tong)式和快開(kai)式，人(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構和尺寸(cun)(cun)一般(ban)都(dou)已標準(zhun)化，可(ke)參照有(you)關手(shou)冊選用(yong)或(huo)設(she)(she)計。