人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)是指用(yong)于(yu)人(ren)(ren)員進出設(she)備以便(bian)安裝、檢(jian)修和安全檢(jian)查的開(kai)孔(kong)(kong)結(jie)構。主要(yao)由短(duan)筒(tong)節(jie)（或(huo)(huo)短(duan)管）、法(fa)蘭和帶把(ba)手的人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)組成。從安全檢(jian)查考慮，壓(ya)力容器要(yao)求開(kai)設(she)的人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)數(shu)及其小尺寸(cun)見“檢(jian)查孔(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)材料有(you)碳鋼和不(bu)銹鋼。按受(shou)壓(ya)情況人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)分為(wei)常壓(ya)和受(shou)壓(ya)人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)；按形狀人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)分為(wei)圓形、橢圓形和矩(ju)形人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)，矩(ju)形人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)僅(jin)適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)常壓(ya)設(she)備；按安裝位置人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)分為(wei)水平(ping)和垂直安裝人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)固定(ding)方(fang)式有(you)迥轉蓋(gai)和吊蓋(gai)；人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)開(kai)后速(su)度(du)有(you)普通式和快開(kai)式，人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)結(jie)構和尺寸(cun)一般(ban)都已標(biao)準化，可(ke)參照(zhao)有(you)關手冊選用(yong)或(huo)(huo)設(she)計。